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���Ѵ���(English) The objectives of this research were to study currentstatus of educational and career guidance services in highereducation institutions under the jurisdiction of the Ministryof University Affairs (MUA), to analyze its compatibility withthe guidelines set by the MUA, and to recommend proper andeffective guidelines for such services. The research findings revealed that, presently, thehigher education institutions under MUA had set the objectiveof their educational and career guidance services to enabletheir students to realize the importance of self development,to become qualified graduates, to provide knowledge and informationnecessary for advanced studies and career planning as well as toprepare them to be ready for their profession. The responsibleoffice for such activities were set up and were undersupervisions of the Vice President for Student Affairs. Most ofthe staff completed Bachelor's degree in Psychology, Guidance andCounselling, possessing capabilities to give advice and coordinatewith other units and were willing to provide services. However,lower ability in foreign language proficiency, the ability toanalyze, to synthesize, to conduct research, and to follow upwere found at the lower rate The budget was insufflicient mostlyrelied on university revenue in the amount of over 90,000 Bahtper year. The office for such services, was set up seperatelyor located with in other units, mostly in the student affairsoffice or student activity office. Lack of facsimile machineswere found. Regarding of the services, news services on jobopportunities and job announcement on boards were provide. Theleast provided service was mid term orientation. For studentdevelopment, it was found that the students' abilities to fillout the application forms and their readiness for the interviewswere at the high level. Problem concerning the service were atthe medium level with the insufficient number of staff. The analysis of educational and career guidance serviceoperation was made by using the MUA guidelines, and was foundthat organizational structure Ink most Institutions met the MUAguidelines, at the most. But for the objectives, types ofservices, and personnel standards was at the low level. It was recommended that for better and more effectiveeducational and career guidance services Ink higher educationInstitutions, the institutions should have a clear policy,feasible objectives for their operation in order to strengthentheir staff, to provide more budget, and better facility officeand to improve service methods and techniques. In addition, theMinistry of University Affairs should serve as a coordinationunit to promote, to support and to provide services to the highereducation institutions under its jurisdiction.
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Srinakharinwirot University, Prasarnmit �дѺ��ԭ�������������´�Ң��Ԫ� ��ԭ�ҹԾ�����Һѳ�Ե. (������)
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ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CLOSING LOOPS FOR CANINE RETRACTION. ���͹��Ե ��Թ��� ����ҡó�
Varintra Ungbhakorn �����Ҩ�������֡�� �.��.��. 侺���� ൪����������.��. ��Է��� ����ҡó�
Paiboon Techalertpaisarn, Ph.D.Prof Variddhi Ungbhakorn, Ph.D. ����ʶҺѹ ����ŧ�ó�����Է�����. �ѳ�Ե�Է�����
Chulalongkorn University. Bangkok. (Thailand). Graduate School. �дѺ��ԭ�������������´�Ң��Ԫ� �Է�ҹԾ�����Һѳ�Ե. �Է����ʵ�� (�ѹ������Ѵ�ѹ)
Master. Science (Orthodontics) �շ�診����֡�� 2546 ���Ѵ���(��) �ѵ�ػ��ʧ��ͧ����Ԩ�¤�� �������º��º��Ҥ����秵֧�ͧ��ʫԧ�ٻ�������ҡ��äӹdz�����ɮպ��ͧ��ʵԡ�������Шҡ��÷��ͧ �����������ҧ����ʫԧ�ٻ���Ѵ�ҡ�Ǵ���硡������ʹ����Ҵ 0.016x0.022 ���� �ӹǹ 4 �ٻẺ�ٻẺ�� 5 �ٻ ���� vertical helical loop, T-loop, Opus90 loop ��� helicalT-loop ������Ѵ��ǹ����Ѵ��ǹ���������ѵ����ǹ����������ç�����ҡ��äӹdz�ҧ��ɮ��ҡ����ش �����Ѵ��Ҵ�ç��Ǣ�ҹ�Ѻ�Ңͧ�ٻ����дѺ�����ҡ����ͤ���Ƿ��������ͤ���Ƿ 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50 ��� 3.00 ��. ������´��ٹ���������ʵԧ����չ��� LF plus ���º��º��Ҥ����秵֧�ͧ��ʫԧ�ٻ��� 4 �ٻẺ �����ҡ��äӹdz�ҧ��ɮ���Шҡ��÷��ͧ ����ʶԵԷ��ͺ�������¢ͧ��Ъҡ����Ƿ���дѺ����Ӥѭ .05 �š���Ԩ�¾���� ��Ҥ����秵֧�ͧ vertical helical loop, T-loop, Opus90loop ��� helical T-loop �����ҡ��äӹdz�����ɮպ��ͧ��ʵԡ�������ҡѺ33.80, 23.80, 19.60 ��� 23.50 ����/��. ����ӴѺ ��ǹ��Ҥ����秵֧�����ҡ��÷��ͧ��ҡѺ 81.90, 59.63, 55.94 ��� 47.66 ����/��. ����ӴѺ ��÷��ͺ�������¢ͧ��Ъҡ����Ǿ���� ��Ҥ����秵֧�ͧ��ʫԧ�ٻ��� 4 �ٻẺ�����ҡ��÷��ͧ�����ҡѺ��Ҥ����秵֧�����ҡ��äӹdz�ҧ��ɮշ���дѺ����Ӥѭ.05 (p = .000) �ѧ��鹷�ɮպ��ͧ��ʵԡ����⹨֧�������������й�����ӹdz�Ҥ�Ҥ����秵֧�ͧ��ʫԧ�ٻ ���ҧ�á����ŷҧ��ɮ��ѧ�ջ���ª��㹡�÷�����Һ�Է�ԾŢͧ���������¹�Ѵ��ǹ��ҧ� �ͧ�ٻ��ͤ���ѵ����ǹ����������ç��Ф�Ҥ����秵֧ ���Щй�鹷�ɮպ��ͧ��ʵԡ����⹡����Ըա�÷ҧ��Ե��ʵ�����Ҩ����ǹ����㹡���͡Ẻ ������㨤س�ѡɳТͧ��ʫԧ�ٻ�ѹ�Դ�ҡ�Ѵ��ǹ��ҧ� �ͧ�ٻ�� ���Ѵ���(English) The objectives of this research is to compare values of the stiffnesses of theclosing loops calculated by Castigliano's theorem to those by experimental results.Selected samples are the closing loops constructed from 0.016x0.022 inch stainlesssteel wire. They are four types of closing loops, namely, vertical helical loop, T-loop,Opus90 loop and helical T-loop, each with five samples. The configuration of eachtype of loops corresponds to the configuration which gives maximum MIF ratio theoretically.The activated forces are measured by applying the force parallel to the horizontal legsof each loop using Lloyd universal testing machine LF plus. The activated displacementsare 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50 and 3.00 mm. The resulting values of loop stiffnessesobtained from experiment are then compared to the theoretical stiffnesses by usingthe test statistic one-sample t-test at .05 significant level. The Castigliano's theorem predicts the values of loop stiffnesses of the verticalhelical loop, T-loop, Opus90 loop and helical T-loop to be 33.80, 23.80, 19.60 and23.50 gm/mm respectively. The experimental values of the corresponding closing loopsare 81.90, 59.63, 55.94 and 47.66 gm/mm respectively. From the t-test, it is found out thatthe stiffness values of the four closing loops obained from experiment are not equal tothose from theory at .05 significant level (p = .000). Hence, the Castigliano's theorem is,not suitable for calculating the loop stiffness. However, the theoretical results still showthe influence of variable dimensions of the closing loop on the MIF ratios and stiffnesses.Therefore, the Castigliano's theorem is still the mathematical method which may facilitatethe design and understand the characteristics of the closing loop formed from various dimensions. ���ҷ������¹�Է�ҹԾ��� �ӹǹ˹�Ңͧ�Է�ҹԾ��� 108 P. ISBN 974-17-3514-6 ʶҹ���Ѵ���Է�ҹԾ��� ���Ӥѭ STIFFNESS, CLOSING LOOP, CASTIGLIANO, CONFIGURATION, M, F �Է�ҹԾ���������Ǣ�ͧ